What is a common side effect of opioids?

Opioids are known for their significant analgesic effects, but they also come with a range of common side effects due to their action on the body's central nervous system. Constipation is particularly noteworthy because opioids decrease gastrointestinal motility; they bind to opioid receptors in the gut, which leads to a slower transit time for bowel movements and increased absorption of fluids from the intestines. This results in harder stools and difficulty passing them, making constipation one of the most prevalent side effects reported by patients using opioids.

While drowsiness, nausea, and headaches can also occur with opioid use, constipation is especially problematic as it is frequently dose-dependent and can lead to further health complications if not addressed. This side effect often requires proactive management, such as the use of laxatives or dietary adjustments, to ensure patient comfort and prevent additional issues related to bowel health.